Winding machine



July 12, 1949. E. G. HILL 2,475,895

WINDING MACHINE Filed July 12, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEYSJuly 12, 1949.

E. a. HILL WINDING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 12, 1945 ,ZLMMJA'ITORNEYJ atented July 12, 1949 WINDING MACHINE Earl G. Hill, Pulaski,Va., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Textile Appliance Corporation,New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application July 12, 1945,Serial No. 604,627

17 Claims. (01. 242-355) 1 This invention relates to machines forwinding packages of yarn, thread, etc., and is concerned moreparticularly with a winding machine containing novel means for windingthe strand material upon a headless bobbin or tube and so manipulatingthe thread guide that the package produced has tapered or conical ends.By reason of the inclusion of the new features, the machine of theinvention is simpler in construction than prior machines for the samepurpose and it is less expensive to build and easier to operate andmaintain in working condition.

The new machine includes conventional means for rotating the bobbin ortube and such means may be of either of the well known types for drivingthe bobbin or tube at a constant surface speed or at a constant numberof revolutions per minute, as may be desired. A frame is pivotallymounted on a fixed support adjacent the bobbin and is provided withmeans maintained in engagement with the package building up on thebobbin by means which urge the frame toward the bobbin. The, frame thusswings at right angles to the axis of the bobbin as the packageincreases in diameter. A traverse bar is mounted on the supportindependently of the frame and extends lengthwise of the bobbin, and thebar is reciprocated endwise during the operation of the machine. frameand is operatively connected to the traverse bar so as to reciprocatetherewith. At each end of its stroke, the guide is rocked by meanscarried by the frame, and as the frame is swung during the building upof the package, the action of the rocking means is varied so that thethread guide is given the proper motion to produce the tapered endedpackage.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be made tothe accompanying I drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of amultiple winding machine of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the machine of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the machine on the line 3-3 of Fig.4;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 44 of Fig. 5 is a sectional viewon the line 5-5 of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the thread guide show ing the course of theyarn therethrough.

In the drawings, a drum winding machine embodying the invention isillustrated, and this machine includes a supporting structure comprisingvertical frame members It and longitudinal members ll of any suitableconstruction. A shaft I! mounted in bearings carried by the structureextends lengthwise of the latter and is provided at intervals withconventional cork driving rolls It. The shaft carries a gear l4 at oneend, which meshes with a gear IS on a shaft 16 provided with a drivingpulley l1, although shaft l2 may be driven in any other convenientmanner. At its opposite end, shaft l2 carries a driving pulley it.around which is trained a belt I 9. The belt passes around idlers 20 andabout a pulley 2| on a shaft 22, which drives a shaft 23 throughreduction gearing generally designated 24. Shaft 23 carries a cam 25.

A mandrel 26 is mounted for rotation opposite each cork roll l3, and forthis purpose, a number of brackets are attached to the supportingstructure to extend upwardly therefrom. The end brackets 21a lie beyondthe end cork rolls, and the intermediate brackets 21b lie onposite thefaces between adjacent cork rolls. Each end bracket 21a is provided witha U-shaped channel 28, which is open laterally and extends downwardly ina direction away from the adjacent' cork roll. At its lower end, thechannel is closed by a wall 29, and upwardly from the wall,

A thread guide is mounted on the the top of the channel is cut away, asat 30, to permit the introduction of the gudgeon 3| of the mandrel. Eachintermediate bracket 21b is formed with a pair of channels similar tochannels 28 and placed back to back so that each intermediate bracketsupports the gudgeons of adjacent mandrels. The mandrels are of a sizeto permit the bobbin or tubes 32 to be fitted snugly thereover and maybe provided with conventional means for securing the bobbins or tubes inplace thereon.

A frame is pivotally attached to the longitudinal member ll of thesupporting structure opposite each mandrel and cork roll combination toswing about an axis substantially parallel with the axis of shaft l2.Each such frame comprises a plate 33 provided at its lower corners withbrackets 34, which are pivotally attached at 34a to brackets 35 securedto the longitudinal frame member ll. At its outer end, the plate isprovided with brackets 36 projecting toward the cork roll, and betweenthese brackets 36 is mounted a roller 31, which is adapted to bearagainst the package being wound on the bobbin or tube on the mandrel.Roller 31 is spaced from the adand one of the brackets 36 is secured toplate 33 by means of bolts, so that the bracket and roller 31 can beremoved for cleaning purposes. A thread guiding rod 38 is mounted inbrackets 39 on the outer face of plate 33.

A traverse bar 40 is mounted on top of the longitudinal member H of thesupporting structure in suitable guides (not shown) to extend parallelto shaft I2 and the bar is provided at one end with a roller 4| engagingthe surface of cam 25. As the cam is rotated, the bar is reciprocatedendwise, and it is kept in constant contact with the surface of the camin any convenient manner, as by means of a spring 42 attached to the barand bearing against a part of the supporting structure. Opposite eachcork roll, a pair of spaced brackets 43 are attached to the outer faceof the traverse bar, and an arm 44 is pivotally mounted in each pair ofbrackets. For this purpose, the brackets are connected together near thebar by a bolt 45, and the arm is formed at its end with a loopencircling a pin 44a having coned ends which are detachably received inopenings near the ends of the brackets. The axis about which arm 44swings is coincident with the axis about which frame plate 33 swings, sothat as the frame swings outwardly, arm 44 may swing with it andcontinue to lie parallel thereto.

A lever 46 is pivoted at 41 on arm 44 well below the top thereof. Thelever is of bell crank form with legs of unequal length, and its shortergenerally horizontal leg is provided with a roller 48 on its rear face.The longer upright leg of lever 46 carries a thread guide 49, which mayconveniently be formed of a length of wire looped upon itself and heldin place by straddling a stud 50 on the outer face of the upright leg oflever 45. The thread guide is further held in place by passing through aslot in flange 46a at the upper end of lever 45. The two branches of thethread guide are in alignment above the end of lever 45 and pass betweenroller 31 and plate 33, and the branches flare outwardly at their upperends, as indicated at A guide plate 52 is pivotally mounted at 53 on theinner face of plate 33 of the frame, and the guide plate has alongitudinal slot 54, in which travels roller 48 on lever 45. A camplate 55 attached to one of the brackets 35, in which plate 33 ismounted, extends outwardly at right angles to the plane of plate 33 andthrough an opening 55 in plate 33. This cam is engaged by one end ofguide plate 52, and the guide plate is held in contact with the topsurface of the cam by a spring 51 attached at one end to the frame plate33 and bearing at its free end in a slot in the upper edge of-thatportion of guide plate 52 encircling the pivot stud 53.

The active surface of cam 55, against which the end of guide plate 52bears, is a curve of uniformly increasing radius developed from a pointon a vertical line through the axis on which the frame swings. Near itsouter end, the cam is formed with a notch 59 in which the end of guideplate 52 may drop when the frame is swung far enough outwardly away fromthe package on the mandrel. When the guide plate drops into the notch,the frame is held in place free of the package, so that the latter canbe moved downwardly and the mandrel gudgeons 3| can be moved outwardlythrough openings to channels 28. In order that the guide plate may bereleased from the notch, it is provided near one end with a pin 52awhich extends through a slot 33a in plate 33. By raising the pin, theend of guide plate 52 may be released from the notch to permit the frameto be moved back toward the package.

Each frame is urged to swing in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig.3, by means of a spring 59 attached at one end to plate 33 and at itsother end to a fixed part of the supporting structure of the machine.The action of the spring causes roller 31 to contact with the packagebeing wound at all times. As the frame is swung away from the packageduring the growth of the latter, the contact of the thread guide withthe outer surface of the roller causes arm 44 and lever 49 to swing withthe frame. Since the axis on which arm 44 swings is coincident with theaxis on which plate 33 swings, arm 44 and lever 46 are thus maintainedin their original relation to plate 33 as the top of the frame swingsoutwardly.

At the start of the operation of the new winding machine, each frame isswung away from its mandrel by the operator, until its guide plate 52drops into the notch in its cam. The mandrel can then be removed fromits mounting and a tube slipped over it. The mandrel is then put back inits mountin and guide plate 52 released from the notch in the cam topermit the frame to be swung upwardly by its spring 59, until roller 31on the frame engages the surface of the tube on the mandrel. The spring59 causes the frame to force the tube into contact with the cork rollI3, as indicated in Fig. 3. The thread 60 from the supply is then passedupwardly over the guide bar 38, between the two branches of the threadguide 49, and over roller 31 to the tube on the mandrel. When themachine is started, the traverse bar is reciprocated by cam 25, and itmoves each arm 44, each lever 46, and each thread guide 49 with it. Aseach lever 46 moves along the rear face of a plate 33, the engagement ofroller 48 on the lever in the slot in guide 54 causes a backward rockingof lever 46 at each end of each stroke of the traverse bar. In suchbackward rocking of lever 45, its upper end moves backwardly, that is,in a direction opposite to that in which the lever as a whole is movingrelative to its plate 33. The extent of such rocking movement of thelevers depends on the inclination of the slots 54 of the respectiveguides 52, which are in turn controlled by their cams 55. As thepackages build up, the axis of each mandrel moves away from its corkroll, and, similarly, its frame is moved outwardly. This causes itsguide 52 to move along the surface of the related cam 55, and theinclination of the guide varies, under the control of the cam, toincrease the backward rocking of the thread guide as it approaches eachend of its stroke. The result of this action is to cause a progressiveshortening of the traverse of each thread guide lengthwise of itsmandrel, and each package is, accordingly, formed with tapered or conedends.

In prior winding machines of the same general construction, it has beenthe practice to mount the traverse bar on the frame, so that the barmoves with the frame as the latter is swung outwardly during thebuilding up of the package. In the new machine, the traverse bar ismounted on the support, rather than on the rocking frame, and thissimplifies the construction and also makes it easier to maintain themachine in proper working condition. By forming lever 46 with arelatively short horizontal leg and a longer vertical leg, a slightchange in the inclination of guide 52 produces a greater change in thetraverse of the thread guide relative to the package. The active surfaceof cam 55 is, accordingly, relatively flat, so that guide 52 may readilymove along it. The formation of the notch in the cam, into which guide52 may be received to lock the frame in inoperative position, makes iteasy for the operator to remove full packages and place empty tubes inposition. Also, when the frame is in its outermost position, the meansfor actuating the thread guide are fully exposed so that they can bekept clean and in proper order.

In the machine illustrated, the package is rotated by contact with thecork roll l3, but, if desired, the tube on which the package is to bewound may be mounted on a spindle in accordance with the usual practice.When this type of drive is used, no changes in the frame or the threadguide actuating mechanism are necessary.

In a single winding machine of the new construction, the traverse bar 40is relatively short, but in a multiple machine, the bar extends the fulllength of the machine so as to actuate the thread guides each of thepackages being wound. Adjacent each package, the bar is provided withbrackets 43 supporting an arm 44 for the frame of each package. Thepackages are, accordingly, all wound simultaneously and are of uniformformation.

By forming the arm 44 of suflicient length to extend well beyond thepivot point 41 of lever 46 and causing the thread guide 49 to passbetween plate 33 and roller 31, the lever 46 is constantly maintainedwith its stud 48 in the slot in guide 52 without the use of additionalmeans for the purpose. As the frame swings outwardly, roller 31 bearingon the thread guide causes the latter to move with it, and lever 46 andarm 44 are constantly maintained parallel to the plane of frame 33.

The new winding machine can be used for either twisting or redrawpurposes, depending on whether the supply is rotated during the windingoperation or remains stationary. In prior machines for such purposes, ithas been the common practice to employ bobbins with heads and, when suchbobbins are used, difliculties are encountered, since the traverse ofthe threadguide must be such as to lay the thread on the barrel of thebobbin to fill the space between the heads exactly. If the adjustment ofthe machine is not precise, therefore, perfect packages will not beproduced. In the use of the new machine, it is not necessary to employbobbins with heads, since the packages have tapered or coned ends whichmake them stable. such a package can be wound without the exactadjustment of the machine above mentioned and the new machine,therefore, requires less attention than prior machines winding onbobbins with heads.

What is claimed is:

1. In a winding machine, the combination of a support, means on thesupport for rotating a package, a frame mounted on the support to swingabout an axis substantially parallel to axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package to cause the frame to swing asthe package builds up, a traverse bar mounted for reciprocating movementonly lengthwise of the package, an arm pivotally connected to thetraverse bar to swing about an axis parallel thereto, a lever pivoted onthe arm to swing in a plane substantially parallel to the axis on whichthe frame swings, a thread guide carried by the lever, a guide pivotedon the frame and engaging the lever to swing it as it is moved with thetraverse bar, and stationary means on the support for changing theposition of the guide as the frame swings.

2. In a winding machine, the combination of av support, means on thesupport for rotating a package, a frame mounted on the support to swingabout an axis substantially parallel to axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package to cause the frame to swingas-the package builds up. a traverse bar mounted on the support forreciprocating movement only lengthwise of the package, an arm pivotallyconnected to the traverse bar to swing about an axis parallel thereto, alever pivoted on the arm to swing in a plane substantially parallelv tothe axis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carried by the lever,a guide pivoted on the frame and engaging the lever to swing it as it ismoved with the traverse bar, and means on the support, including astationary cam, for changing the position of the guide as the frameswings.

3. In a winding machine, the combination of a support, means on thesupport for rotating a package, a frame mounted on the support to swingabout an axis substantially parallel to axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package to cause the frame to swing asthe package builds up, a traverse bar mounted on the support forreciprocating movement only lengthwise of the package, an arm pivotallyconnected to the traverse bar to swing about the axis on which the frameswings, a lever pivoted on the arm to swingin a plane substantiallyparallel to the axis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carriedby the lever, a guide pivoted on the frame and engaging the lever toswing it as it is moved with the traverse bar, and stationary means onthe support for changing the position of the guide as the frame swings.

4. In a winding machine, the combination of a support, means on thesupport for rotating a package, a frame mounted on the support to swingabout an axis substantially parallel to axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package to cause the frame to swing asthe package builds up, a traverse bar mounted on the support forreciprocating movement only lengthwise of the package, an arm pivotallyconnected to the traverse bar to swing about the axis on which the frameswings, a lever pivoted on the arm to swingin a plane substantiallyparallel to the axis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carriedby the lever, a guide pivoted on the frame and engaging the lever toswing it as it is moved with the traverse bar, and means on the support,including a stationary cam, for changing the position of the guide asthe frame swings.

5. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotating apackage, a support, a frame mounted on the support to swing about anaxis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package and causing the frame to swingas the package builds up, a traverse bar mounted independently of theframe, means for reciprocating the bar endw-ise and lengthwise of thepackage,

an arm connected to the traverse bar to swing transversely thereof, alever pivoted on the arm to swing substantially parallel to the axis onwhich the frame swings, a thread guide carried by the lever, a guidepivoted on the frame and engaging the lever to swing it as it is movedwith the traverse bar, and stationary means on the support for engagingthe guide and changing the position thereof as the frame swings.

6. Ina winding machine, the combination of means for rotating a package,a support, a frame mounted on the support to swing about an axissubstantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the package, the framebeing urged into engagement with the package so as to be swung therebyasthe package builds up, a traverse bar mounted independently of theframe, means for reciproeating the bar endwise and lengthwise of thepackage, an arm connected to the traverse bar to swing on an axissubstantially parallel to the axis on which the frame swings, a leverpivoted on the arm to swing in a plane substantially parallel to theaxis of rotation of the package, a thread guide carried by the lever, aguide pivotally mounted on the frame and engaging the lever to cause itto swing as it is moved with the traverse bar, and a fixed cam on thesupport engaging the guide and changing the position thereof as theframe swings.

7. In a winding machine, the combination of a support, a series of meanson the support for rotating respective packages in endwise alignment, aframe mounted on the support adjacent each package to swing about anaxis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the package,means on each frame engaging its package to cause the frame to swing asthe package builds up, a traverse bar mounted independently of theframes and extending lengthwise of the series of packages, means forreciprocating the traverse bar endwise, a plurality of arms, one foreach frame, connected to the traverse bar opposite the respective framesto swing transversely of the bar, a lever pivotally mounted on each armto swing substantially parallel to the axis on which the associatedframe swings, a thread guide carried by each lever, a guide pivoted oneach frame and engaging the lever associated with that frame to swing itas it is moved with the traverse bar, and a plurality of cams, one foreach lever, mounted on the support and engaging their respectiveleversto change the position of the latter as the frame associated withthe lever swings.

8. In a winding machine, the combination of a rotary driving member, amandrel supported at its ends for rotation parallel to the axis ofrotation of the member, a support for the mandrel permitting it to moveaway from a position in which it is engaged by the driving member, aframe mounted to swing about an axis substantially parallel to the axisof rotation of the driving member, means for urging the frame toward thedriving member, means on the frame engaging the package being wound onthe mandrel to cause the frame to swing as the package builds up, atraverse bar mounted independently of the frame, means for reciprocatingthe bar endwise in the direction of the length of the package, an armconnected to the traverse bar to swing transversely thereof, a leverpivoted on the arm to swing parallel tothe axis on which the frameswings, a thread guide carried by the lever, a guide pivoted on theframe and engaging the lever to swing it as it is moved with thetraverse bar, and stationary means on the support for engaging the guideand changing the position thereof as the frame swings.

9. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotatinga'package, a support, a frame mounted on the support to swing about anaxis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package and causing the frame to swingas the package builds up, a traverse bar mounted independently of theframe and at one side thereof, means for reciprocating the bar endwisein the direction of the length of the package, an arm connected to thetraverse bar to swing about the axis on which the frame swings, a bellcrank lever pivoted on the arm to swing substantially parallel to theaxis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carried by one leg of thelever, a guide pivoted on the frame and engaging the other leg of thelever to swing the lever as it is moved with the traverse bar, andstationary means on the support for engaging the guide and changing theposition thereof as the frame swings.

10. In a. winding machine, the combination of means for rotating apackage, a support, a frame pivotally mounted on the support to swingabout an axis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of thepackage, a roller carried by the frame and engaging the package andcausing the frame to swing as the package builds up, a traverse bardisposed beneath the package and to the rear of the frame, means forreciprocating the bar endwise and lengthwise of the package, an armconnected to the traverse bar to swing about the axis on which the frameswings, a lever pivoted on the arm to swing substantially parallel tothe axis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carried by the leverand extending above the roller, a guide member pivoted on the frame andengaging the lever to swing it as it is moved with the traverse bar, theroller engaging the thread guide and holding the lever in operativerelation to the guide member, and stationary means on the support forengaging the guide member and changing the position thereof as the frameswings.

11. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotating apackage, a support, a frame mounted on the support to swing about anaxis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package and causing the frame to swingas the package builds up, a traverse bar mounted independently of theframe, means for reciprocating the bar endwise and lengthwise of thepackage, an arm connected to the traverse bar to swing transverselythereof, a lever pivoted on the arm to swing substantially parallel tothe axis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carried by the lever,a guide pivoted on the frame and engaging the lever to swing it as it ismoved with the traverse bar, and a cam mounted on the support andengaging the guide to change the position thereof as the frame swings,the cam being provided with a notch engageable by the guide to hold theframe in ino rative relation to the package.

12. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotating apackage, a support, a frame mounted on the support to swing about anaxis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package and causing the frame to swingas the package builds up, a traverse bar mounted independently of theframe, means for reciprocating the bar endwise and lengthwise of thepackage, an arm connected to the traverse bar to swing transverselythereof, a lever pivoted on the arm to swing substantially parallel tothe axis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carried by the lever,a guide pivoted on the frame and engaging the lever to swing it as it ismoved with the traverse bar, a cam mounted on the support hold the framein inoperative relation to the package, and means attached to the. guideand extending through an opening in the frame for releasing the guidefrom the notch.

1:11. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotating apackage, a support, a frame mounted on the support to swing aboutjanaxis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the package,means on the frame engaging the package and causing the frame to swingas the package builds up, a traverse bar mounted independently of theframe, means for reciprocatin the bar endwise and lengthwise of thepackage, an arm connected tothe traverse bar to swing transverselythereof, a lever pivoted on the arm to swing substantially paralleltothe axis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carried by thelever, a guide pivoted on the frame and engaging the lever to swing itas it is moved with the traverse bar, a cam rigidly mounted on a supportfor engaging the guide and changing the position thereof as the frameswings, and a spring for maintaining the guide in contact with the cam,the cam having a notch adapted to receive the guide to hold the frame inin-- operative relation to the package.

14. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotating apackage, a support, a frame mounted on the support to swing about anaxis substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the package, aroller at the outer end of the frame engaging the package and causingthe frame to swing as thepackage builds up, means acting on the frame tomaintain the roller in contact with the package, a traverse bar mountedindependently of the frame, means for reciprocating the traverse barendwise and lengthwise of the package, an arm connected to the traversebar to swin transversely thereof, the arm extending generally parallelto the plane of the frame toward outer end thereof, a lever pivoted onthe arm adjacent the mid-point thereof to swing substantially parallelto the axis on which the frame swings, a thread guide carried .by thelever and lying in contact with the roller on the side thereof away fromthe package, a guide pivoted on the frame and engaging the lever toswing it as it is moved with the traverse bar; and a stationary; cammounted on the support to engage the guide and change the positionthereof as the frame swings.

15. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotating apackage, a support, brackets on the support, a frame pivotally mountedin the brackets to swing about an axis substantially parallel to theaxis of rotation of the package, a

10 the frame swings, a thread guide carried by the lever, a guidepivoted on the frame and engaging the lever to swing it as it isreciprocated with the traverse bar, a cam mounted on the support, andmeans for maintaining the guide in contact with the cam, the camchanging the position of the guide as the frame swings.

16. In a winding machine, the combination of a rotary driving member, amandrel for supporting a bobbin on which the package is to be formed, apair of channel members attached to the support and supporting andguiding the ends of the mandrel as the mandrel moves toward and awayfrom the driving member, a frame mounted on the support to swing aboutan axis substan- I tially parallel to the axis of rotation of thepackage, a-roller on the frame engageable with the package, means forurging the frame to maintain the roller in contact with the package andthe package in contact with the driving member, a traverse bar mountedindependently of the frame and to the rear thereof, means forreciprocating the bar endwise and lengthwise of the package, an armpivotally connected to the traverse bar to swing transversely thereof, alever pivoted on the arm to swing substantially parallel to the axis onwhich the frame swings, a, thread guide carried by the lever, a guidepivoted on the frame and engaging the lever to cause it to swing as itis reciprocated with the traverse bar, a cam mounted on the support, anda spring maintaining the guide in contact with the cam, the cam varyingthe position of the guide as the frame swings.

17. In a winding machine, the combination of means for rotating apackage, a frame mounted to swing about an axis substantially parallelto the axis 'of rotation of the package, a roller mounted on the frameand adapted to engage the package and swing the frame as the package.builds up, a traverse .bar mounted independently of the frame andreciprocating endwise and lengthwise of the package, an arm connected tothe traverse bar to swing about the axis on which the frame swings, alever pivoted on the arm to swing substantially parallel to the axis onwhich the frame swings, a thread guide carried by the lever, and meansfor rocking the lever rearwardly at each end of its stroke with thetraverse bar, including a guide pivotally mounted on the frame.

EARL G. HILL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 404,831 Foster June 11, 1889826,875 Palmer July 24, 1906 1,662,475 Royce Mar. 13, 1928 2,206,582Shipman July 2, 1940 2,249,384 Hitchcock "1--. July 15, 1941

